US embassy cable - 05ATHENS2086

UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 02 ATHENS 002086 
 
SIPDIS 
 
E.O. 12958: N/A 
TAGS: ECON, GR, SENV 
SUBJECT:  SUBJECT: NOT IN MY BACKYARD--GREECE CONFRONTS 
WASTE MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS 
 
1. (U)  Summary: Greece, threatened with legal action by the 
European Commission for environmental violations, is once 
again attempting to confront its recurring waste management 
problem by implementing a National Waste Management Plan. 
The focus will be to shut down the 2626 illegal landfills and 
the construction of 48 additional legal landfills.  Similarly 
Athens, with only one legal landfill and a sewage treatment 
plant deemed unusable by the Greek Council of State, 
struggles to find alternative storage sites that conform to 
EU regulations while minimizing public outcry. End summary. 
 
NATIONAL WASTE MANAGEMENT PLAN 
------------------------------ 
2. (U)  Recently the Ministry of Environment announced a 
National Waste Management Plan.  The plan is a multi-step 
course of action to deal with the Greece's 2626 illegal 
landfill sites, 1458 of which are still in operation.  Almost 
half of the illegal landfills pose environmental dangers with 
638 bordering forests and over 300 within 100 meters of 
rivers and streams. 
 
3. (U)  The first stage of this plan provides for the closing 
of all inactive landfills and the restoration of those areas. 
 During the second stage, all but one illegal site near the 
legal landfill will close and the area restored.  The 
Ministry projects that by 2008, 2031 illegal landfills will 
close leaving 595 sites to be closed at a later time. 
Ultimately, the plan provides for the operation of the 39 
landfills currently in operation serving 300 municipalities 
and the construction of an additional 48 sites to serve an 
additional 600 municipalities. 
 
4. (U)  The National Waste Management Plan also targets the 
treatment of waste through composting or incineration. 
According to EC figures, 91.8 percent of the total garbage 
Greece produces ends up in landfills.  The Ministry aims to 
decrease the percentage of untreated waste to 75 percent by 
2010, 50 percent by 2013, and 35 percent by 2022. 
 
5. (U)  The EU and the GoG intend to divide the cost of 400m 
euros needed for the 2000-plus closings -- 75 percent from 
the Third Community Support Framework and 25 percent from the 
Greek state coffers.  Similarly, the Ministry anticipates 
that the Fourth Community Support Framework will fund 75 
percent of the post-2008 closings with the remaining 25 
percent coming from the GoG budget.  The funds allocated by 
the EU will be lost if the GoG does not implement the Plan as 
scheduled.  Additionally, the European Commission is 
threatening legal action in six different cases, including 
management of wastewater and solid waste, if GoG does not 
comply with regulations. The Ministry plans to launch an 
advertising campaign on the waste management problem so that 
local reaction and protests of disappointed inhabitants who 
cry "not in my backyard" are more effectively confronted. 
 
SEWAGE TREATMENT AND STORAGE IN ATHENS 
-------------------------------------- 
6. (U)  Despite Athens, five million inhabitants only one 
legal landfill exits to handle the 6000-ton daily trash 
output.  Athens, main sewage treatment plant is on the small 
island of Psyttaleia, near the port of Piraeus.  Earlier this 
year Greece,s highest administrative court, the Council of 
State, ruled that "it is no longer possible to dispose of 
sludge on the island of Psyttaleia . . . (because) there is a 
risk of the sludge leaking into the sea in the Saronic Gulf 
causing considerable damage to the marine environment." 
 
7. (U)  In May local residents of Ano Liossia staged a 
seven-day blockade in response to a Council of State decision 
to have EYDAP transfer the sludge from Psyttaleia to Ano 
Liossia.  This blockade prevented not only the transfer of 
the sludge but also all access to the dump; piles of trash 
accumulated in the city where trash is collected daily. 
Local authorities had previously prevented this transfer in 
2003.  Because of that prohibition, an excess of 150,000 tons 
of sludge has built up on Psyttaleia with another 700 tons 
added each day. EYDAP and GoG officials claim that 
transferring the sludge to Ano Liossia is their only option 
because the sewage-drying unit on Psyttaleia will not be 
completed until 2007. 
 
8. (U)  The Ano Liossia landfill is close to capacity and is 
slated to shut down within the 8ext 12 months.  Although 
three new landfills will replace it, construction has yet to 
begin on any of the new sites because of local opposition and 
lawsuits by the municipalities where construction is slated. 
 
9. (U)  Athens has launched a four-month long pilot recycling 
program in 11 neighborhoods in central Athens.  The city 
chose three companies to run three trial recycling programs, 
and will contract one of the companies in early 2006 based on 
its trial performance.  Athens has previously attempted 
recycling programs, but because of lack of government support 
and ineffective organization, the programs were forgotten. 
Athens also attempted a last-minute recycling program for the 
2004 Summer Olympics.  Because the city could not handle the 
large volume of recyclable materials, the excess was stored 
for future processing, sold, or simply trashed. 
 
10. (U)  Comment: Coming on the heels of other economic 
reforms that ND is being forced to make, waste management and 
sewage treatment represents yet another publicly contentious 
issue that requires immediate attention.  This issue, 
inherited from previous administrations, leaves GoG pressed 
between EU regulations, the necessity of a solution, and 
keeping the public satisfied with their decision.  It is 
possible that GoG has waited until EU pressure reached its 
current levels so as to be able to implement the necessary 
changes and yet divert public opprobrium by blaming EU 
regulations. End comment 
RIES