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| Identifier: | 04ROME1370 |
|---|---|
| Wikileaks: | View 04ROME1370 at Wikileaks.org |
| Origin: | Embassy Rome |
| Created: | 2004-04-07 10:36:00 |
| Classification: | UNCLASSIFIED//FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY |
| Tags: | EAID AORC EAGR KUNR FAO |
| Redacted: | This cable was not redacted by Wikileaks. |
This record is a partial extract of the original cable. The full text of the original cable is not available.
UNCLAS SECTION 01 OF 05 ROME 001370
SIPDIS
SENSITIVE
STATE FOR IO/FO, IO/EDA BEHREND AND KOTOK
STATE ALSO FOR E, EB, OES
USAID FOR AA/EGAT SIMMONS, AA/DCHA WINTER,
OFDA FOR MENGHETTI
USDA/FAS FOR REICH, HUGHES AND CHAMBLISS
FROM U.S. MISSION TO THE UN AGENCIES IN ROME
E.O. 12958: N/A
TAGS: EAID, AORC, EAGR, KUNR, FAO
SUBJECT: FAO'S EMERGENCY PROGRAMS: OVERVIEW
1. (SBU) SUMMARY: IN 2003, FAO DELIVERED $211 MILLION
IN EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE IN THE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD
SECURITY SECTOR TO CRISIS AREAS AROUND THE GLOBE. FAO
PROVIDES SEEDS, TOOLS, FERTILIZER AND FISHING GEAR;
ASSISTS IN CROP PROTECTION AND LIVESTOCK REPLENISHMENT;
REACTIVATES VETERINARY AND OTHER AGRICULTURAL SERVICES;
REPAIRS IRRIGATION INFRASTRUCTURE; AND PROVIDES TECHNICAL
EXPERTISE AND COORDINATES UN AGENCY AND NGO ACTIVITIES.
THE AIM IS TO PROTECT AND RESTORE AGRICULTURE-BASED
LIVELIHOODS AND LESSEN DEPENDENCE ON FOOD AID. FAO HAS
JUST ESTABLISHED A RAPID RESPONSE SPECIAL FUND FOR
EMERGENCY AND REHABILITATION ACTIVITIES TO PERMIT SWIFTER
STARTUPS OF EMERGENCY AID. FAO'S EMERGENCY PROGRAMS ARE
FUNDED ALMOST ENTIRELY FROM VOLUNTARY DONOR
CONTRIBUTIONS, AND THESE HAVE FALLEN FAR SHORT OF
IDENTIFIED NEEDS. ACCORDING TO UNOFFICIAL FAO
STATISTICS, U.S. CONTRIBUTIONS IN CY 2000-2003 AVERAGED
$6.1 MILLION. FAO'S EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE IS A HIGHLY
COST-EFFECTIVE WAY TO ADDRESS FOOD INSECURITY FOLLOWING
NATURAL OR MAN-MADE EMERGENCIES. WE BELIEVE THAT A
MEASURABLY HIGHER LEVEL OF U.S. CONTRIBUTION WOULD BE
JUSTIFIED AND WOULD ENJOY A GOOD COST-BENEFIT RETURN IN
TERMS OF LESSENING THE OVERALL BURDEN ON U.S. FOOD
ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS. END SUMMARY.
2. (U) ON MARCH 10, FAO ASSISTANT DIRECTOR GENERAL FOR
TECHNICAL COOPERATION HENRI CARSALADE AND DIRECTOR OF THE
EMERGENCY OPERATIONS AND REHABILITATION DIVISION (TCE)
ANNE BAUER LED AN INFORMAL BRIEFING FOR DONOR
REPRESENTATIVES IN ROME ON FAO'S EMERGENCY ACTIVITIES.
THE FOLLOWING IS A SYNOPSIS OF FAO'S PRESENTATION. MORE
DETAILED DISCUSSION OF FAO EMERGENCY ACTIVITIES IN
SPECIFIC COUNTRIES AND REGIONS IS BEING REPORTED SEPTEL.
BACKGROUND: FAO'S TECHNICAL COOPERATION DEPARTMENT
--------------------------------------------- -----
3. (U) THE TECHNICAL COOPERATION DEPARTMENT (TCD) HAS
OVERALL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF
THE ORGANIZATION, INCLUDING POLICY ASSISTANCE, INVESTMENT
SUPPORT AND THE OVERALL MANAGEMENT OF ACTIVITIES
ASSOCIATED WITH THE FORMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF IN-
COUNTRY, SUBREGIONAL AND REGIONAL PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS,
INCLUDING THOSE IN RESPONSE TO A NATURAL OR MAN-MADE
DISASTER. IT MANAGES THE TECHNICAL COOPERATION PROGRAM
(TCP) AND MOBILIZES RESOURCES FOR OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES
FROM GOVERNMENTAL, PRIVATE SECTOR AND OTHER NON-
GOVERNMENTAL SOURCES. MOST OF THE HUMAN RESOURCES ARE
PROVIDED FROM PROJECT, SUPPORT-COST OR OTHER EXTRA-
BUDGETARY FUNDS, ALTHOUGH A SUBSTANTIAL CONTRIBUTION IS
PROVIDED FROM FAO'S OWN BUDGET.
FAO'S ROLE IN EMERGENCIES
-------------------------
4. (U) FAO SEES ITS ROLE IN DISASTERS AS RESPONDING TO
NEEDS FOR EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE IN THE AGRICULTUAL,
LIVESTOCK AND FISHERIES SECTORS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
AFFECTED BY EXCEPTIONAL NATURAL OR HUMAN-INDUCED
CALAMITIES. THE PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES IT UNDERTAKES IN
SUCH SITUATIONS INCLUDE DISTRIBUTION OF SEEDS, SEEDLINGS,
HAND TOOLS, FERTILIZERS AND FISHING GEAR. FAO ALSO
PROVIDES SERVICES WITH REGARD TO CROP PROTECTION,
LIVESTOCK REPLENISHMENT, REACTIVATION OF VETERINARY AND
OTHER SERVICES, REPAIR OF IRRIGATION INFRASTRUCTURE, AND
THE PROVISION OF TECHNICAL EXPERTISE AND COORDINATION OF
OTHER UN AND NGO PARTNERS IN THE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD
SECURITY SECTOR. THESE ACTIVITIES ARE AIMED AT
PROTECTING AND RESTORING AGRICULTURE-BASED LIVELIHOODS
AND BRINGING END TO DEPENDENCY ON FOOD AID BY POPULATIONS
ROME 00001370 001.2 OF 005
ICULTURE AND FOOD
SECURITY SECTOR TO CRISIS AREAS AROUND THE GLOBE. FAO
PROVIDES SEEDS, TOOLS, FERTILIZER AND FISHING GEAR;
ASSISTS IN CROP PROTECTION AND LIVESTOCK REPLENISHMENT;
REACTIVATES VETERINARY AND OTHER AGRICULTURAL SERVICES;
REPAIRS IRRIGATION INFRASTRUCTURE; AND PROVIDES TECHNICAL
EXPERTISE AND COORDINATES UN AGENCY AND NGO ACTIVITIES.
THE AIM IS TO PROTECT AND RESTORE AGRICULTURE-BASED
LIVELIHOODS AND LESSEN DEPENDENCE ON FOOD AID. FAO HAS
JUST ESTABLISHED A RAPID RESPONSE SPECIAL FUND FOR
EMERGENCY AND REHABILITATION ACTIVITIES TO PERMIT SWIFTER
STARTUPS OF EMERGENCY AID. FAO'S EMERGENCY PROGRAMS ARE
FUNDED ALMOST ENTIRELY FROM VOLUNTARY DONOR
CONTRIBUTIONS, AND THESE HAVE FALLEN FAR SHORT OF
IDENTIFIED NEEDS. ACCORDING TO UNOFFICIAL FAO
STATISTICS, U.S. CONTRIBUTIONS IN CY 2000-2003 AVERAGED
$6.1 MILLION. FAO'S EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE IS A HIGHLY
COST-EFFECTIVE WAY TO ADDRESS FOOD INSECURITY FOLLOWING
NATURAL OR MAN-MADE EMERGENCIES. WE BELIEVE THAT A
MEASURABLY HIGHER LEVEL OF U.S. CONTRIBUTION WOULD BE
JUSTIFIED AND WOULD ENJOY A GOOD COST-BENEFIT RETURN IN
TERMS OF LESSENING THE OVERALL BURDEN ON U.S. FOOD
ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS. END SUMMARY.
2. (U) ON MARCH 10, FAO ASSISTANT DIRECTOR GENERAL FOR
TECHNICAL COOPERATION HENRI CARSALADE AND DIRECTOR OF THE
EMERGENCY OPERATIONS AND REHABILITATION DIVISION (TCE)
ANNE BAUER LED AN INFORMAL BRIEFING FOR DONOR
REPRESENTATIVES IN ROME ON FAO'S EMERGENCY ACTIVITIES.
THE FOLLOWING IS A SYNOPSIS OF FAO'S PRESENTATION. MORE
DETAILED DISCUSSION OF FAO EMERGENCY ACTIVITIES IN
SPECIFIC COUNTRIES AND REGIONS IS BEING REPORTED SEPTEL.
BACKGROUND: FAO'S TECHNICAL COOPERATION DEPARTMENT
--------------------------------------------- -----
3. (U) THE TECHNICAL COOPERATION DEPARTMENT (TCD) HAS
OVERALL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF
THE ORGANIZATION, INCLUDING POLICY ASSISTANCE, INVESTMENT
SUPPORT AND THE OVERALL MANAGEMENT OF ACTIVITIES
ASSOCIATED WITH THE FORMULATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF IN-
COUNTRY, SUBREGIONAL AND REGIONAL PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS,
INCLUDING THOSE IN RESPONSE TO A NATURAL OR MAN-MADE
DISASTER. IT MANAGES THE TECHNICAL COOPERATION PROGRAM
(TCP) AND MOBILIZES RESOURCES FOR OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES
FROM GOVERNMENTAL, PRIVATE SECTOR AND OTHER NON-
GOVERNMENTAL SOURCES. MOST OF THE HUMAN RESOURCES ARE
PROVIDED FROM PROJECT, SUPPORT-COST OR OTHER EXTRA-
BUDGETARY FUNDS, ALTHOUGH A SUBSTANTIAL CONTRIBUTION IS
PROVIDED FROM FAO'S OWN BUDGET.
FAO'S ROLE IN EMERGENCIES
-------------------------
4. (U) FAO SEES ITS ROLE IN DISASTERS AS RESPONDING TO
NEEDS FOR EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE IN THE AGRICULTUAL,
LIVESTOCK AND FISHERIES SECTORS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
AFFECTED BY EXCEPTIONAL NATURAL OR HUMAN-INDUCED
CALAMITIES. THE PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES IT UNDERTAKES IN
SUCH SITUATIONS INCLUDE DISTRIBUTION OF SEEDS, SEEDLINGS,
HAND TOOLS, FERTILIZERS AND FISHING GEAR. FAO ALSO
PROVIDES SERVICES WITH REGARD TO CROP PROTECTION,
LIVESTOCK REPLENISHMENT, REACTIVATION OF VETERINARY AND
OTHER SERVICES, REPAIR OF IRRIGATION INFRASTRUCTURE, AND
THE PROVISION OF TECHNICAL EXPERTISE AND COORDINATION OF
OTHER UN AND NGO PARTNERS IN THE AGRICULTURE AND FOOD
SECURITY SECTOR. THESE ACTIVITIES ARE AIMED AT
PROTECTING AND RESTORING AGRICULTURE-BASED LIVELIHOODS
AND BRINGING END TO DEPENDENCY ON FOOD AID BY POPULATIONS
ROME 00001370 002.1 OF 005
) IN HIS INTRODUCTORY REMARKS, CARSALADE
HIGHLIGHTED THE IMPORTANCE AND DIFFICULTY OF MANAGING THE
TRANSITION FROM RELIEF TO DEVELOPMENT, PARTICULARLY IN
COMPLEX EMERGENCIES. HE NOTED THE PARTICULAR CHALLENGES
IN POST-CONFLICT SITUATIONS, WHERE THE TRANSITION FROM
CONFLICT TO PEACE IS A FRAGILE PROCESS THAT REQUIRES
INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT. (SEE ALSO PARAS 8-9.) CARSALADE
STRESSED FAO'S ROLE AS A COORDINATOR OF DONOR
INTERVENTIONS IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN AFFECTED
AREAS. HE MADE SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE IMPORTANCE OF
ENHANCING COORDINATION BETWEEN FAO AND WFP, NOTING THAT
HE AND WFP DEPUTY EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR FOR OPERATIONS JEAN-
JACQUES GRAISSE HAD SENT A LETTER IN NOVEMBER 2003 TO ALL
THEIR RESPECTIVE OFFICES IN THE FIELD AND TO RELEVANT
OFFICES IN ROME TO URGE THEIR ENGAGEMENT IN IMPROVING
COORDINATION (SEPTEL).
2003 CONTRIBUTIONS
------------------
6. (U) CONTRIBUTIONS TO FAO EMERGENCY OPERATIONS,
EXCLUDING IRAQ, AMOUNTED TO $74 MILLION, OF WHICH $15
MILLION CAME FROM FAO'S OWN TCP RESOURCES AND $59 MILLION
FROM DONORS, INCLUDING THE U.S. (SEE PARA 15 BELOW), AND
OTHER UN PARTNERS. IN 2000, 2001 AND 2002, TOTAL
CONTRIBUTIONS (EXCLUDING OIL FOR FOOD) WERE $64 MILLION,
$70 MILLION AND $82 MILLION, RESPECTIVELY.
2003 DELIVERIES
---------------
7. (U) AS FOR DELIVERY IN 2003, THE TOTAL AMOUNTED TO
$211 MILLION. THE PRINCIPAL BENEFICIARIES AND
APPROXIMATE AMOUNTS DELIVERED, IN MILLION OF DOLLARS,
WERE:
IRAQ 111.
AFGHANISTAN 16.2
GREAT LAKES REGION 13.2
SOUTHERN AFRICA 9.8
ANGOLA 9.6
SUDAN 5.0
ETHIOPIA 4.1
BURUNDI 2.9
SOMALIA 2.4
WESTERN AFRICA 2.0
TAJIKISTAN 1.8
SRI LANKA 1.8
DPR KOREA 1.7
KOSOVO 1.6
8. (U) BAUER ACKNOWLEDGED THAT THE ABOVE FIGURES MAY
APPEAR LOW WHEN COMPARED WITH THE FINANCING RECEIVED BY
WFP, BUT SHE CONTENDED THAT THE PRACTICAL RESULT OF FAO
OPERATIONS IN TERMS OF INCREASED LOCAL FOOD PRODUCTION
WAS EQUIVALENT TO SEVERAL BILLIONS DOLLARS OF FOOD AID
THAT WOULD HAVE BEEN NECESSARY TO REPLACE THE FOOD THESE
PROGRAMS GENERATED. BAUER ALSO POINTED OUT THE LARGE
IMBALANCES IN DONATIONS UNRELATED TO DIFFERENT NEEDS,
WITH SOME COUNTRIES RECEIVING FAR MORE GENEROUS SUPPORT
FROM DONORS THAN OTHERS.
CONSEQUENCES OF UNDERFUNDING
----------------------------
ROME 00001370 002.2 OF 005
) IN HIS INTRODUCTORY REMARKS, CARSALADE
HIGHLIGHTED THE IMPORTANCE AND DIFFICULTY OF MANAGING THE
TRANSITION FROM RELIEF TO DEVELOPMENT, PARTICULARLY IN
COMPLEX EMERGENCIES. HE NOTED THE PARTICULAR CHALLENGES
IN POST-CONFLICT SITUATIONS, WHERE THE TRANSITION FROM
CONFLICT TO PEACE IS A FRAGILE PROCESS THAT REQUIRES
INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT. (SEE ALSO PARAS 8-9.) CARSALADE
STRESSED FAO'S ROLE AS A COORDINATOR OF DONOR
INTERVENTIONS IN THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN AFFECTED
AREAS. HE MADE SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE IMPORTANCE OF
ENHANCING COORDINATION BETWEEN FAO AND WFP, NOTING THAT
HE AND WFP DEPUTY EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR FOR OPERATIONS JEAN-
JACQUES GRAISSE HAD SENT A LETTER IN NOVEMBER 2003 TO ALL
THEIR RESPECTIVE OFFICES IN THE FIELD AND TO RELEVANT
OFFICES IN ROME TO URGE THEIR ENGAGEMENT IN IMPROVING
COORDINATION (SEPTEL).
2003 CONTRIBUTIONS
------------------
6. (U) CONTRIBUTIONS TO FAO EMERGENCY OPERATIONS,
EXCLUDING IRAQ, AMOUNTED TO $74 MILLION, OF WHICH $15
MILLION CAME FROM FAO'S OWN TCP RESOURCES AND $59 MILLION
FROM DONORS, INCLUDING THE U.S. (SEE PARA 15 BELOW), AND
OTHER UN PARTNERS. IN 2000, 2001 AND 2002, TOTAL
CONTRIBUTIONS (EXCLUDING OIL FOR FOOD) WERE $64 MILLION,
$70 MILLION AND $82 MILLION, RESPECTIVELY.
2003 DELIVERIES
---------------
7. (U) AS FOR DELIVERY IN 2003, THE TOTAL AMOUNTED TO
$211 MILLION. THE PRINCIPAL BENEFICIARIES AND
APPROXIMATE AMOUNTS DELIVERED, IN MILLION OF DOLLARS,
WERE:
IRAQ 111.
AFGHANISTAN 16.2
GREAT LAKES REGION 13.2
SOUTHERN AFRICA 9.8
ANGOLA 9.6
SUDAN 5.0
ETHIOPIA 4.1
BURUNDI 2.9
SOMALIA 2.4
WESTERN AFRICA 2.0
TAJIKISTAN 1.8
SRI LANKA 1.8
DPR KOREA 1.7
KOSOVO 1.6
8. (U) BAUER ACKNOWLEDGED THAT THE ABOVE FIGURES MAY
APPEAR LOW WHEN COMPARED WITH THE FINANCING RECEIVED BY
WFP, BUT SHE CONTENDED THAT THE PRACTICAL RESULT OF FAO
OPERATIONS IN TERMS OF INCREASED LOCAL FOOD PRODUCTION
WAS EQUIVALENT TO SEVERAL BILLIONS DOLLARS OF FOOD AID
THAT WOULD HAVE BEEN NECESSARY TO REPLACE THE FOOD THESE
PROGRAMS GENERATED. BAUER ALSO POINTED OUT THE LARGE
IMBALANCES IN DONATIONS UNRELATED TO DIFFERENT NEEDS,
WITH SOME COUNTRIES RECEIVING FAR MORE GENEROUS SUPPORT
FROM DONORS THAN OTHERS.
CONSEQUENCES OF UNDERFUNDING
----------------------------
ROME 00001370 003.1 OF 005
OF THE PROTECTION AND
RESTORATION OF AGRICULTURAL LIVELIHOODS HAS HAMPERED
FAO'S CAPACITY TO BE AN EFFECTIVE PARTNER TO WFP. THIS,
THEY BELIEVE, HAS HAD VARIOUS NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES,
INCLUDING:
-- CONTINUED DEPENDENCE ON FOOD AID;
-- CONTINUING TENSION OVER SCARCE RESOURCES LEADING TO
INCREASED OR NEW CONFLICTS;
-- PRESSURE ON PEOPLE TO ADAPT OR CHANGE THEIR
LIVELIHOODS; AND
-- PRESSURE ON PEOPLE TO MOVE IN SEARCH OF WORK, CAUSING
SOCIAL DISRUPTIONS AND POSSIBLE INCREASES IN PROBLEMS
SUCH PROSTITUTION, HIV/AIDS, TRUANCY AND CHILD LABOR.
POST-CONFLICT TRANSITION
------------------------
10. (U) RICHARD CHINA, COORDINATOR OF THE
REHABILITATION AND HUMANITARIAN POLICIES UNIT, MADE A
PRESENTATION ON FAO'S EVOLVING ROLE IN POST-CONFLICT
TRANSITIONS. SOME 30 COUNTRIES ARE AFFECTED BY MULTI-
FACETED AND PROTRACTED CRISES WHERE AUTHORITY HAS BROKEN
DOWN DUE TO CONFLICT. IN SUCH COMPLEX EMERGENCIES,
OPTIONS FOR REBUILDING INFRASTRUCTURE AND INSTITUTIONS
ARE LIMITED, AND THE FOCUS IS MAINLY ON LIFE-SAVING
ASSISTANCE AND, TO SOME EXTENT, THE PROTECTION OF
LIVELIHOODS. TRANSITIONS FROM CONFLICT TO PEACE ARE
RARELY LINEAR, AND PLANNING MUST ANTICIPATE REVERSALS.
THERE IS A SIMULTANEOUS NEED FOR EMERGENCY RELIEF (TO
SAVE LIVES), REHABILITATION (TO INITIATE RECONSTRUCTION
AND PROTECT LIVELIHOODS) AND DEVELOPMENT (TO ADDRESS
LONGER-TERM OBJECTIVES).
11. (U) ACCORDING TO R. CHINA, FAO'S COMPARATIVE
ADVANTAGE IN SUCH CONTEXTS LIES IN ITS ABILITY TO:
-- PROVIDE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR ASSESSMENT OF
PRIORITIES, INFORMATION SHARING AND STANDARD SETTING FOR
ALL ACTORS IN THE PROTECTION AND REHABILITATION OF RURAL
LIVELIHOODS;
-- REDUCE DONORS' TRANSACTION COSTS AND ASSURE QUALITY OF
IMPLEMENTATION BY NGOS; AND
-- PROVIDE TWO-WAY LINKS WITH FAO'S NORMATIVE WORK AND
CAPACITY BUILDING TOWARDS APPROPRIATE POLICIES.
HE CITED EXAMPLES OF FAO INVOLVEMENT IN NE SRI LANKA,
LIBERIA, SUDAN, AND LOOMING NEEDS IN HAITI, COLOMBIA AND
COTE D'IVOIRE.
SPECIAL FUND FOR EMERGENCY AND REHABILITATION ACTIVITIES
--------------------------------------------- -----------
12. (U) WITH THE ENDORSEMENT OF THE FAO PROGRAM AND
FINANCE COMMITTEES, FAO IS ESTABLISHING IN MARCH-APRIL
2004 A RAPID RESPONSE FUND FOR EMERGENCY AND
REHABILITATION ACTIVITIES, WITH A TARGET FUNDING LEVEL OF
$2 MILLION. ACCORDING TO BAUER, SUCH A FUND IS NEEDED TO
ASSURE OR PERMIT:
-- EARLY INVOLVEMENT IN EMERGENCY OPERATIONS;
-- ESTABLISHMENT OF EMERGENCY COORDINATION UNITS;
ROME 00001370 003.2 OF 005
OF THE PROTECTION AND
RESTORATION OF AGRICULTURAL LIVELIHOODS HAS HAMPERED
FAO'S CAPACITY TO BE AN EFFECTIVE PARTNER TO WFP. THIS,
THEY BELIEVE, HAS HAD VARIOUS NEGATIVE CONSEQUENCES,
INCLUDING:
-- CONTINUED DEPENDENCE ON FOOD AID;
-- CONTINUING TENSION OVER SCARCE RESOURCES LEADING TO
INCREASED OR NEW CONFLICTS;
-- PRESSURE ON PEOPLE TO ADAPT OR CHANGE THEIR
LIVELIHOODS; AND
-- PRESSURE ON PEOPLE TO MOVE IN SEARCH OF WORK, CAUSING
SOCIAL DISRUPTIONS AND POSSIBLE INCREASES IN PROBLEMS
SUCH PROSTITUTION, HIV/AIDS, TRUANCY AND CHILD LABOR.
POST-CONFLICT TRANSITION
------------------------
10. (U) RICHARD CHINA, COORDINATOR OF THE
REHABILITATION AND HUMANITARIAN POLICIES UNIT, MADE A
PRESENTATION ON FAO'S EVOLVING ROLE IN POST-CONFLICT
TRANSITIONS. SOME 30 COUNTRIES ARE AFFECTED BY MULTI-
FACETED AND PROTRACTED CRISES WHERE AUTHORITY HAS BROKEN
DOWN DUE TO CONFLICT. IN SUCH COMPLEX EMERGENCIES,
OPTIONS FOR REBUILDING INFRASTRUCTURE AND INSTITUTIONS
ARE LIMITED, AND THE FOCUS IS MAINLY ON LIFE-SAVING
ASSISTANCE AND, TO SOME EXTENT, THE PROTECTION OF
LIVELIHOODS. TRANSITIONS FROM CONFLICT TO PEACE ARE
RARELY LINEAR, AND PLANNING MUST ANTICIPATE REVERSALS.
THERE IS A SIMULTANEOUS NEED FOR EMERGENCY RELIEF (TO
SAVE LIVES), REHABILITATION (TO INITIATE RECONSTRUCTION
AND PROTECT LIVELIHOODS) AND DEVELOPMENT (TO ADDRESS
LONGER-TERM OBJECTIVES).
11. (U) ACCORDING TO R. CHINA, FAO'S COMPARATIVE
ADVANTAGE IN SUCH CONTEXTS LIES IN ITS ABILITY TO:
-- PROVIDE TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE FOR ASSESSMENT OF
PRIORITIES, INFORMATION SHARING AND STANDARD SETTING FOR
ALL ACTORS IN THE PROTECTION AND REHABILITATION OF RURAL
LIVELIHOODS;
-- REDUCE DONORS' TRANSACTION COSTS AND ASSURE QUALITY OF
IMPLEMENTATION BY NGOS; AND
-- PROVIDE TWO-WAY LINKS WITH FAO'S NORMATIVE WORK AND
CAPACITY BUILDING TOWARDS APPROPRIATE POLICIES.
HE CITED EXAMPLES OF FAO INVOLVEMENT IN NE SRI LANKA,
LIBERIA, SUDAN, AND LOOMING NEEDS IN HAITI, COLOMBIA AND
COTE D'IVOIRE.
SPECIAL FUND FOR EMERGENCY AND REHABILITATION ACTIVITIES
--------------------------------------------- -----------
12. (U) WITH THE ENDORSEMENT OF THE FAO PROGRAM AND
FINANCE COMMITTEES, FAO IS ESTABLISHING IN MARCH-APRIL
2004 A RAPID RESPONSE FUND FOR EMERGENCY AND
REHABILITATION ACTIVITIES, WITH A TARGET FUNDING LEVEL OF
$2 MILLION. ACCORDING TO BAUER, SUCH A FUND IS NEEDED TO
ASSURE OR PERMIT:
-- EARLY INVOLVEMENT IN EMERGENCY OPERATIONS;
-- ESTABLISHMENT OF EMERGENCY COORDINATION UNITS;
ROME 00001370 004.1 OF 005
-- AN EARLY START AND PREPARATION OF A PROGRAM FRAMEWORK
AND PROJECTS;
-- CONTINUITY IN THE FUNDING OF EMERGENCY COORDINATORS;
AND
-- FINANCING FOR REHABILITATION ADVISERS DURING POST-
CONFLICT TRANSITIONS AND THE PROGRAMMING OF TRANSITION
ACTIVITIES.
13. (U) THE SPECIAL FUND WILL OPERATE ACCORDING TO THE
FOLLOWING PRINCIPLES:
-- DIRECT CONTRIBUTIONS FROM DONORS;
-- DONOR FUNDING FOR SPECIFIC PROJECTS WILL BE PRE-
FINANCED FROM THE SPECIAL FUND, PENDING RECEIPT OF THE
FUNDS SPECIFICALLY EARMARKED CONTRIBUTION;
-- FUND BALANCES ON COMPLETED PROJECTS WILL BE RETAINED
OR TRANSFERRED, AS AUTHORIZED BY DONORS;
-- INTEREST EARNINGS OF PROJECT FUND BALANCES WILL BE
RETAINED OR TRANSFERRED, PER DONOR INSTRUCTIONS;
-- TRANSFER OF A SHARE OF FUNDS FROM THE DIRECT OPERATING
COST RECOVERY ACCOUNT.
14. (U) NOW THAT THE SPECIAL FUND HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED
INSTITUTIONALLY, FAO WILL BEGIN A FORMAL APPEAL FOR DONOR
SUPPORT.
U.S. CONTRIBUTIONS
------------------
15. (U) ACCORDING TO INFORMAL FAO STATISTICS, U.S.
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ORGANIZATION'S EMERGENCY ACTIVITIES
IN RECENT YEARS, IN MILLIONS OF DOLLARS, WERE:
CY 2000 $4.2
CY 2001 $5.6
CY 2002 $8.3
CY 2003 $6.5
CY 2004 $3.0 (TO DATE)
THE ABOVE FIGURES MAY DIFFER FROM USG STATISTICS BECAUSE
OF THE CALENDAR/FISCAL YEAR DIFFERENCE, ROUNDING, AND
WHETHER THE ACTUAL DATE OF FUND TRANSFER OR THE PROJECT
IMPLEMENTATION DATE IS USED FOR CREDITING CONTRIBUTIONS.
16. (U) U.S. CONTRIBUTIONS TO FAO EMERGENCY PROJECTS IN
CY 2000-2004 (TO DATE), ACCORDING TO AN UNOFFICIAL FAO
TALLY AND SUBJECT TO THE SAME CAVEATS GIVEN ABOVE, WERE
ALLOCATED PRINCIPALLY TO THE FOLLOWING COUNTRIES OR
PROGRAMS:
AFGHANISTAN $5.9
ANGOLA $5.6
SUDAN $3.8
BURUNDI $2.2
SOMALIA $1.4
DR CONGO $1.3
AF REGIONAL OFFICE $1.3
GEORGIA $1.0
FYR MACEDONIA $1.0
REP. CONGO $0.9
ROME 00001370 004.2 OF 005
-- AN EARLY START AND PREPARATION OF A PROGRAM FRAMEWORK
AND PROJECTS;
-- CONTINUITY IN THE FUNDING OF EMERGENCY COORDINATORS;
AND
-- FINANCING FOR REHABILITATION ADVISERS DURING POST-
CONFLICT TRANSITIONS AND THE PROGRAMMING OF TRANSITION
ACTIVITIES.
13. (U) THE SPECIAL FUND WILL OPERATE ACCORDING TO THE
FOLLOWING PRINCIPLES:
-- DIRECT CONTRIBUTIONS FROM DONORS;
-- DONOR FUNDING FOR SPECIFIC PROJECTS WILL BE PRE-
FINANCED FROM THE SPECIAL FUND, PENDING RECEIPT OF THE
FUNDS SPECIFICALLY EARMARKED CONTRIBUTION;
-- FUND BALANCES ON COMPLETED PROJECTS WILL BE RETAINED
OR TRANSFERRED, AS AUTHORIZED BY DONORS;
-- INTEREST EARNINGS OF PROJECT FUND BALANCES WILL BE
RETAINED OR TRANSFERRED, PER DONOR INSTRUCTIONS;
-- TRANSFER OF A SHARE OF FUNDS FROM THE DIRECT OPERATING
COST RECOVERY ACCOUNT.
14. (U) NOW THAT THE SPECIAL FUND HAS BEEN ESTABLISHED
INSTITUTIONALLY, FAO WILL BEGIN A FORMAL APPEAL FOR DONOR
SUPPORT.
U.S. CONTRIBUTIONS
------------------
15. (U) ACCORDING TO INFORMAL FAO STATISTICS, U.S.
CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE ORGANIZATION'S EMERGENCY ACTIVITIES
IN RECENT YEARS, IN MILLIONS OF DOLLARS, WERE:
CY 2000 $4.2
CY 2001 $5.6
CY 2002 $8.3
CY 2003 $6.5
CY 2004 $3.0 (TO DATE)
THE ABOVE FIGURES MAY DIFFER FROM USG STATISTICS BECAUSE
OF THE CALENDAR/FISCAL YEAR DIFFERENCE, ROUNDING, AND
WHETHER THE ACTUAL DATE OF FUND TRANSFER OR THE PROJECT
IMPLEMENTATION DATE IS USED FOR CREDITING CONTRIBUTIONS.
16. (U) U.S. CONTRIBUTIONS TO FAO EMERGENCY PROJECTS IN
CY 2000-2004 (TO DATE), ACCORDING TO AN UNOFFICIAL FAO
TALLY AND SUBJECT TO THE SAME CAVEATS GIVEN ABOVE, WERE
ALLOCATED PRINCIPALLY TO THE FOLLOWING COUNTRIES OR
PROGRAMS:
AFGHANISTAN $5.9
ANGOLA $5.6
SUDAN $3.8
BURUNDI $2.2
SOMALIA $1.4
DR CONGO $1.3
AF REGIONAL OFFICE $1.3
GEORGIA $1.0
FYR MACEDONIA $1.0
REP. CONGO $0.9
ROME 00001370 005.1 OF 005
TO LIBERIA, ETHIOPIA, AND WEST
BANK/GAZA.
COMMENT
-------
17. (SBU) FAO'S EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE HAS PLAYED AN
IMPORTANT ROLE IN CRISES AROUND THE WORLD, RESTORING
AGRICULTURE-BASED LIVELIHOODS AND FOSTERING INCREASED
SELF-RELIANCE AND LESSENING DEPENDENCY ON FOOD AID.
FAO HAS IN RECENT YEARS WORKED TO STRENGTHEN ITS EFFORTS
IN THIS AREA, INCLUDING IMPROVED EMERGENCY NEEDS
ASSESSMENTS. OVER THE PAST TWO YEARS, U.S. MISSION
OFFICERS HAVE VISITED NUMEROUS CRISIS AREAS, AND HAVE
GIVEN HIGH MARKS TO FAO FIELD STAFF AT MOST, THOUGH NOT
ALL, OF THESE LOCATIONS. WE WERE PARTICULARLY IMPRESSED
BY FAO'S EMERGENCY WORK IN DR CONGO AND SOUTHERN AFRICA.
FAO HAS ALSO MOVED AGGRESSIVELY TO UPGRADE THE QUALITY OF
ITS EMERGENCY SUPERVISORY STAFF.
18. (SBU) THE USG HAS BEEN A GENEROUS CONTRIBUTOR OF
FOOD AID TO COUNTRIES AND REGIONS IN CRISIS, HAVING
CONTRIBUTED WELL OVER $1 BILLION IN FY 2003. AGAINST
THIS FIGURE, USG CONTRIBUTIONS TO FAO EMERGENCY
ACTIVITIES -- WHICH ARE GEARED TO FOSTER A TRANSITION
FROM RELIEF TO DEVELOPMENT -- HAVE AVERAGED A MODEST
$6 MILLION. GIVEN THE UNMET NEEDS IN THIS AREA, WE
BELIEVE THAT A MEASURABLY HIGHER LEVEL OF U.S.
CONTRIBUTION WOULD BE JUSTIFIED, AND OFTEN HIGHLY COST
EFFECTIVE IN TERMS OF LESSENING THE OVERALL BURDEN OF
FOOD ASSISTANCE.
19. (U) BAGHDAD, KABUL, KHARTOUM, PORT AU PRINCE
MINIMIZE CONSIDERED.
HALL
ROME 00001370 005.2 OF 005
TO LIBERIA, ETHIOPIA, AND WEST
BANK/GAZA.
COMMENT
-------
17. (SBU) FAO'S EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE HAS PLAYED AN
IMPORTANT ROLE IN CRISES AROUND THE WORLD, RESTORING
AGRICULTURE-BASED LIVELIHOODS AND FOSTERING INCREASED
SELF-RELIANCE AND LESSENING DEPENDENCY ON FOOD AID.
FAO HAS IN RECENT YEARS WORKED TO STRENGTHEN ITS EFFORTS
IN THIS AREA, INCLUDING IMPROVED EMERGENCY NEEDS
ASSESSMENTS. OVER THE PAST TWO YEARS, U.S. MISSION
OFFICERS HAVE VISITED NUMEROUS CRISIS AREAS, AND HAVE
GIVEN HIGH MARKS TO FAO FIELD STAFF AT MOST, THOUGH NOT
ALL, OF THESE LOCATIONS. WE WERE PARTICULARLY IMPRESSED
BY FAO'S EMERGENCY WORK IN DR CONGO AND SOUTHERN AFRICA.
FAO HAS ALSO MOVED AGGRESSIVELY TO UPGRADE THE QUALITY OF
ITS EMERGENCY SUPERVISORY STAFF.
18. (SBU) THE USG HAS BEEN A GENEROUS CONTRIBUTOR OF
FOOD AID TO COUNTRIES AND REGIONS IN CRISIS, HAVING
CONTRIBUTED WELL OVER $1 BILLION IN FY 2003. AGAINST
THIS FIGURE, USG CONTRIBUTIONS TO FAO EMERGENCY
ACTIVITIES -- WHICH ARE GEARED TO FOSTER A TRANSITION
FROM RELIEF TO DEVELOPMENT -- HAVE AVERAGED A MODEST
$6 MILLION. GIVEN THE UNMET NEEDS IN THIS AREA, WE
BELIEVE THAT A MEASURABLY HIGHER LEVEL OF U.S.
CONTRIBUTION WOULD BE JUSTIFIED, AND OFTEN HIGHLY COST
EFFECTIVE IN TERMS OF LESSENING THE OVERALL BURDEN OF
FOOD ASSISTANCE.
19. (U) BAGHDAD, KABUL, KHARTOUM, PORT AU PRINCE
MINIMIZE CONSIDERED.
HALL
NNNN
2004ROME01370 - Classification: UNCLASSIFIED
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